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Node types and what they need

Master Prompt 14 §1. Every figure is either measured on the machine in reports/12-baseline.md (4 vCPU Xeon @ 2.8 GHz, 16 GiB, virtio disk) or derived by arithmetic from a measured figure, and says which. Nothing here is an estimate without a source.

QuantityValueSource
Hybrid transaction on the wire13,215 Bapply_pipeline, 400 real transfers
Hybrid verification1,010–1,082 /s/core; 3,086 /s on 4 coresapply_pipeline, certificate bench
Block application incl. verify942 tx/s on one coreapply_pipeline, optimized
Idle node process80.3 MiB RSS, 75 MB data dir at height 0docker stats, local-docker node
Vote certificate, n = 100216.5 KiB; 7.95 ms verify on 4 corescertificate bench
RPC reads, one node21,231 req/s (16 clients), p99 1.6 msmaya2c-rpc-load, mixed reads
Snapshot sync, 100M accounts4.80 GB; joiner verify 2.4 s CPUstate-sync-sim (virtual network)
Header144 Bspec/05-consensus.md CON-1

Disk growth per month for transaction bodies, derived (13,215 B × TPS × 2,592,000 s):

Sustained TPSPer month
10343 GB
1003.43 TB
1,00034.3 TB
TypeStoresVerifiesMinimum (derived at 100 TPS)Recommended
Validatorstate, recent blocks, undo journals to the prune horizonevery transaction, every certificate4 cores, 8 GiB, 1 Gbit/s, 4 TB/month if unpruned8 cores, 16 GiB, NVMe, pruning on
Full nodestate, blocks since the prune horizonevery transaction2 cores, 4 GiB, 100 Mbit/s4 cores, 8 GiB
Archive nodeevery block, signature and journal foreverevery transactionfull node + 3.4 TB/month at 100 TPSobject storage behind it
RPC nodea full node’s stateas a full nodefull node sizing; ~21k simple reads/s per node process on 4 vCPUseveral behind the gateway; heavy history on the indexer
Light clientheaders only: 144 B each (0.83 MB/day at 15 s blocks)headers, PoW, Merkle proofs; trusts no servera phone or a browser tab—
Compute worker——deferred (not built)—

How the validator row is derived at 100 TPS:

  • verification is 100 of ~1,000 per core per second;
  • certificates at n = 100 and 1 s rounds cost 1.2 cores (ADR-021);
  • 13,215 B × 100 = 1.3 MB/s ingest, plus 177 Mbit/s of certificates.
  • Validator memory under load, and a real node’s disk growth with pruning on.
  • Bandwidth with gossip duplication.
  • RPC capacity with a large state: the curve above ran against an empty chain, so reads never missed the block cache.
  • Light-client sync time from genesis. The recursive “chain valid to epoch E” STARK is not built.